Antoninian of Valerian I (AD 258–259), struck at the Lugdunum mint, belongs to issues from the mature phase of his reign, in which solar imagery and the concept of imperial renewal are particularly emphasized.
The obverse presents a radiate bust of the emperor facing right, with the legend VALERIANVS P F AVG, giving his name and titulature as pius felix augustus. The radiate crown denotes the antoninianus denomination and simultaneously alludes to solar symbolism, frequently employed in mid-3rd century coinage.
The reverse depicts Sol advancing left, raising his right hand in a gesture of salutation and holding a globe, with the legend ORIENS AVGG. Sol, as the solar deity, symbolized renewal, light, and the enduring continuity of imperial power, and his presence in coinage of this period is closely associated with themes of restoration and stability.
The legend ORIENS AVGG (“the rising of the Augusti”) refers to the idea of a new beginning and the renewal of imperial authority, often interpreted in the context of the joint rule of Valerian I and Gallienus. This type belongs to a well-attested iconographic repertoire of the mid-3rd century, in which solar symbolism played a central role in imperial propaganda.
Roman Imperial
Valerian I (253-260), Antoninianus 258-259, Lugdunu, mint
Obverse: radiate and draped bust right
VALERIANVS P F AVG
Reverse: Sol advancing to left, raising hand and holding globe
ORIENS AVGG
Diameter 22 mm, weight 3.36 g
